1. ã¯ããã«: Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãæ±ãçç±
ããã°ã©ãã³ã°èšèªãCèšèªãã¯ãã·ã¹ãã ã¬ãã«ã®éçºã«åºã䜿ãããŠãããã¡ã¢ãªç®¡çãããã€ã¹å¶åŸ¡ãªã©ã®äœã¬ãã«ãªæäœãå¯èœã§ãããããã®æäœãè¡ãäžã§ã2é²æ°ã®ç¥èã¯æ¬ ãããŸãããæ¬èšäºã§ã¯ãCèšèªã§2é²æ°ãæ±ãããã®åºæ¬ããå¿çšãŸã§ã解説ããŠãããŸãã
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãå¿ èŠãšãããçç±
ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã®ä»çµã¿ãš2é²æ°
ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã¯ãå éšã§ããŒã¿ãåŠçããéã0ãš1ã§æ§æããã2é²æ°ã䜿çšããŸããããã¯ãé»æ°ä¿¡å·ã®ããªã³ïŒ1ïŒãããªãïŒ0ïŒãã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠãããæãåºæ¬çãªããŒã¿è¡šçŸæ¹æ³ã§ããCèšèªã¯ããã®äœã¬ãã«ãªæäœãè¡ãããã®ããŒã«ãšããŠéåžžã«é©ããŠããããã2é²æ°ã®æ±ãæ¹ãç解ããããšãéèŠã§ãã
ã¡ã¢ãªç®¡çãšå¹ççãªããã°ã©ã èšèš
ããã°ã©ã ãã¡ã¢ãªã«ããŒã¿ãæ ŒçŽããéãããŒã¿ãµã€ãºãå¹çæ§ãèæ ®ããŠ2é²æ°ã䜿ãããŸããããšãã°ããããåäœã§ããŒã¿ãæäœããããšã§ãå¹ççã«ã¡ã¢ãªã管çã§ããŸããCèšèªã§2é²æ°ãçŽæ¥æ±ãã¹ãã«ã¯ããªãœãŒã¹ãç¯çŽããããã°ã©ã ãé«éåããããã«å¿ èŠã§ãã
ãã©ã°ç®¡çããããæäœã®æŽ»çš
Cèšèªã§ã¯ããããæäœãå©çšããŠãã©ã°ã管çããããããŒã¿ã®äžéšãå¹ççã«æäœããããšãã§ããŸããããã«ãããè€éãªã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãã·ã¹ãã èšèšãå¯èœãšãªããŸãã
æ¬èšäºã§åŠã¹ãããš
ãã®èšäºã§ã¯ã以äžã®å 容ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãã
- 2é²æ°ã®åºç€ç¥è
- Cèšèªã§ã®2é²æ°ã®è¡šçŸæ¹æ³
- 2é²æ°ãš10é²æ°ã®çžäºå€æ
- ãããæŒç®ã®åºç€ãšå¿çš
- å®è·µçãªã³ãŒãäŸãšæŽ»çšã·ããªãª
åå¿è ããäžçŽè ãŸã§ãCèšèªã䜿ã£ã2é²æ°æäœã®ç解ãæ·±ããããšãã§ããå 容ãšãªã£ãŠããŸãã
2. 2é²æ°ãšã¯ïŒåºç€ç¥èãåŠãŒã
ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãããŒã¿ãåŠçããéã«äœ¿çšãã2é²æ°ããã®åºæ¬çãªä»çµã¿ãšèãæ¹ãç解ããããšã§ãCèšèªã䜿ã£ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã«ãããéèŠãªåºç€ãç¯ãããšãã§ããŸããæ¬ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ã2é²æ°ãšã¯äœãããªãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã§äœ¿çšãããã®ãã解説ãã10é²æ°ãšã®éããå€æã«ã€ããŠã觊ããŠãããŸãã
2é²æ°ã®åºæ¬
2é²æ°ïŒãã€ããªïŒã¯ã0ãš1ã®2ã€ã®æ°åã®ã¿ã䜿çšããæ°å€è¡šçŸæ¹æ³ã§ããããã¯ãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿å éšã®é»æ°ä¿¡å·ã®ããªã³ããšããªããã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŠãããããžã¿ã«æè¡ã®åºç€ãšãªããã®ã§ãã
äŸ:
- 10é²æ°ã®ã1ãã¯2é²æ°ã§ã¯ã1ã
- 10é²æ°ã®ã2ãã¯2é²æ°ã§ã¯ã10ã
- 10é²æ°ã®ã3ãã¯2é²æ°ã§ã¯ã11ã
ããããšãã€ã
2é²æ°ã®åºæ¬åäœã¯ãããã§ãããããã¯0ãŸãã¯1ã®å€ãæã¡ãããŒã¿ã®æå°åäœãšãªããŸãã
ããã«ã8ãããã1ãã€ããšåŒã³ããã€ãåäœã§ããŒã¿ãæ±ãããšãäžè¬çã§ãã
äŸ:
- 8ãããïŒ1ãã€ãïŒ: 00000000 ïœ 11111111ïŒ0ïœ255ã®ç¯å²ãè¡šçŸïŒ
10é²æ°ãšã®éã
æ®æ®µãç§ãã¡ã䜿çšããæ°å€ã¯10é²æ°ã§è¡šãããŸãã10é²æ°ã¯0ïœ9ã®æ°åãåºã«ããæ°å€è¡šçŸã§ããäžæ¹ã2é²æ°ã¯0ãš1ã®ã¿ã䜿çšããŸãããã®éããç解ããããšã§ãæ°å€ã®å€æãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã èšèšãããã¹ã ãŒãºã«ãªããŸãã
äŸ:
10é²æ° | 2é²æ° |
---|---|
0 | 0 |
1 | 1 |
2 | 10 |
3 | 11 |
4 | 100 |
10é²æ°ãã2é²æ°ãžã®å€ææ¹æ³
10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããéãå°äœç®ãçšããŸãã
- 10é²æ°ã®å€ã2ã§å²ããŸãã
- åãåã³2ã§å²ããå°äœãèšé²ããŸãã
- åã0ã«ãªããŸã§ç¹°ãè¿ããæåŸã«å°äœãéé ã«äžŠã¹ãŸãã
äŸ: 10é²æ°ã13ãã2é²æ°ã«å€æ
- 13 ÷ 2 = 6 äœã 1
- 6 ÷ 2 = 3 äœã 0
- 3 ÷ 2 = 1 äœã 1
- 1 ÷ 2 = 0 äœã 1
çµæ: 1101
2é²æ°ãã10é²æ°ãžã®å€ææ¹æ³
2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããéãåãããã®å€ãèšç®ããŠåèšããŸãã
ããããã®æ¡ã®å€ã¯ã察å¿ãããããã®å€ã«2ã®çŽ¯ä¹ãããããã®ã§ãã
äŸ: 2é²æ°ã1101ãã10é²æ°ã«å€æ
- æå³ããã: 1 à 2^0 = 1
- 2çªç®ã®ããã: 0 à 2^1 = 0
- 3çªç®ã®ããã: 1 à 2^2 = 4
- æå·Šããã: 1 Ã 2^3 = 8
çµæ: 1 + 0 + 4 + 8 = 13
2é²æ°ã䜿ãããçç±
- åçŽæ§: ã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ã¯é»æ°ä¿¡å·ãåºã«åäœããããã2ã€ã®ç¶æ ïŒãªã³/ãªãïŒã䜿çšãã2é²æ°ã¯éåžžã«å¹ççã§ãã
- å®å®æ§: 2é²æ°ã¯ãä¿¡å·ã®åŸ®å°ãªå€åã«ãããšã©ãŒã«åŒ·ããä¿¡é Œæ§ã®é«ãããŒã¿åŠçãå¯èœã§ãã
3. Cèšèªã§ã®2é²æ°ã®è¡šçŸæ¹æ³
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãæ±ãã«ã¯ãçŽæ¥çãªãµããŒãããªããããç¹å®ã®ãã¯ããã¯ã工倫ãå¿ èŠã§ããæ¬ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãCèšèªã§ã®2é²æ°ã®åºæ¬çãªè¡šçŸæ¹æ³ãæ±ãéã®æ³šæç¹ããããŠäŸ¿å©ãªå®è·µçãã¯ããã¯ã«ã€ããŠè§£èª¬ããŸãã
2é²æ°ãªãã©ã«ã®èšè¿°æ¹æ³
Cèšèªã§ã¯ãæšæºã§ã¯2é²æ°ãªãã©ã«ãçŽæ¥èšè¿°ããæ¹æ³ãæäŸãããŠããŸããããããã代ããã«ä»ã®é²æ°ïŒ10é²æ°ã16é²æ°ã8é²æ°ïŒãå©çšãã2é²æ°ãšããŠæ±ãããšãã§ããŸãã
2é²æ°ã®ä»£ããã«16é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã䜿çš
- 16é²æ°: 1ã€ã®16é²æ°ã®æ¡ã4ãããïŒ2é²æ°4æ¡ïŒã«å¯Ÿå¿ããããã2é²æ°ãšèŠªåæ§ãé«ãã
- äŸ:
0b1010
ïŒ2é²æ°ïŒã16é²æ°ã§ã¯0xA
ãšè¡šçŸã§ããŸãã
ãããã·ããæŒç®ã掻çšãã
2é²æ°ãªãã©ã«ãçŽæ¥äœ¿ããªã代ããã«ããããã·ããæŒç®ãçšããŠ2é²æ°ãæ±ãããšãã§ããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int value = (1 << 3) | (1 << 1); // 2é²æ°ã§ 1010 ãè¡šçŸ
printf("Value: %d
", value); // 10 (10é²æ°) ãšè¡šç€º
return 0;
}
ãã®äŸã§ã¯ããããã·ããæŒç®ïŒ<<
ïŒã䜿ã£ãŠã2é²æ°çãªè¡šçŸãäœãåºããŠããŸãã
2é²æ°ãæ±ãããã®é¢æ°ãäœæãã
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãçŽæ¥è¡šçŸããããã«ãèªäœé¢æ°ãå©çšããã®ãäžè¬çã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã«ãããã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§ãåäžãã2é²æ°ãæ±ãéã®æè»æ§ãå¢ããŸãã
èªäœé¢æ°ã§2é²æ°ãè¡šçŸ
以äžã¯ãæå®ãããå€ã2é²æ°ãšããŠè¡šç€ºããé¢æ°ã®äŸã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
void printBinary(int num) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) { // 32ãããæŽæ°ãæ³å®
printf("%d", (num >> i) & 1);
}
printf("
");
}
int main() {
int value = 10; // 10é²æ°ã§10
printf("10é²æ°: %d
", value);
printf("2é²æ°: ");
printBinary(value); // 2é²æ°ã§è¡šç€º
return 0;
}
ãã®ã³ãŒãã¯ãæŽæ°å€ã2é²æ°ãšããŠè¡šç€ºããé¢æ°ãå®çŸ©ããŠããŸãã>>
æŒç®åã䜿çšããŠããããå³ã«ãããã1ããããã€åºåããŠããŸãã
泚æç¹ãšå·¥å€«
1. ãªãŒããŒãããŒã«æ³šæ
Cèšèªã§ãããæäœãè¡ãå ŽåãããŒã¿åã®ãããå¹
ïŒäŸ: 32ãããã64ãããïŒãè¶
ããæäœã¯æªå®çŸ©åäœã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã䜿çšããããŒã¿åïŒint
ãunsigned int
ãªã©ïŒã®ãããå¹
ãæèããŸãããã
2. è² ã®æ°ã®æ±ã
è² ã®æ°ãæ±ãéã¯ã2ã®è£æ°è¡šçŸã䜿çšãããŸããããã¯ã笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ã§ã®æšæºçãªè¡šçŸæ¹æ³ã§ããããããæäœãæŒç®æã«æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ãã
3. å¯èªæ§ã®ç¢ºä¿
ã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§ã確ä¿ããããã«ãã³ã¡ã³ããè£å©çãªé¢æ°ã掻çšããŸãããããããæäœã2é²æ°ã®èšç®ã¯çŽæçã§ã¯ãªãå Žåãå€ããããè£è¶³èª¬æãéèŠã§ãã
4. 10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³
Cèšèªã§10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããããšã¯ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã®åºæ¬ã¹ãã«ã®ã²ãšã€ã§ããç¹ã«ããããåäœã§ã®æäœãããŒã¿è§£æãå¿ èŠãªå Žåã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãæåã®å€ææ¹æ³ãšããã°ã©ã ã«ããèªåå€æã®äž¡æ¹ã解説ããŸãã
æåã§10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³
10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããéã¯ã以äžã®æé ã䜿ããŸãã
- 2ã§å²ã: 10é²æ°ã2ã§å²ããäœããèšé²ããŸãã
- åãå床2ã§å²ã: åã0ã«ãªããŸã§ç¹°ãè¿ãå²ãç¶ããŸãã
- äœããéé ã«äžŠã¹ã: æåŸã«ãäœããäžããäžã«åãã£ãŠäžŠã¹ãŸãã
äŸ: 10é²æ°ã13ãã2é²æ°ã«å€æ
- 13 ÷ 2 = 6 äœã 1
- 6 ÷ 2 = 3 äœã 0
- 3 ÷ 2 = 1 äœã 1
- 1 ÷ 2 = 0 äœã 1
çµæ: 1101ïŒ2é²æ°ïŒ
Cèšèªã§10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããããã°ã©ã
以äžã¯ã10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããŠè¡šç€ºããCèšèªããã°ã©ã ã®äŸã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
void decimalToBinary(int num) {
int binary[32]; // æ倧32ãããåã®ãããã¡
int index = 0;
// 2é²æ°ãžã®å€æ
while (num > 0) {
binary[index] = num % 2; // äœããèšé²
num = num / 2; // åãæŽæ°
index++;
}
// çµæãéé ã«åºå
printf("2é²æ°: ");
for (int i = index - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", binary[i]);
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int value;
printf("10é²æ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
decimalToBinary(value); // 2é²æ°ã«å€æããŠè¡šç€º
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 1101
ãããæŒç®ã䜿ã£ãå¹ççãªå€ææ¹æ³
ãããæŒç®ã䜿ãããšã§ãå¹ççã«2é²æ°ã衚瀺ããããšãå¯èœã§ãã以äžã®ã³ãŒãã¯ãå³ãããã·ããæŒç®ïŒ>>
ïŒã掻çšããäŸã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
void printBinaryUsingBitwise(int num) {
printf("2é²æ°: ");
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", (num >> i) & 1); // åããããå³ã«ã·ããããŠ1ããããã€åºå
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int value;
printf("10é²æ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
printBinaryUsingBitwise(value); // ãããæŒç®ãçšããŠè¡šç€º
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 00000000000000000000000000001101
å®è·µäŸ: 2é²æ°å€æã掻çšããå Žé¢
ãã©ã°ç®¡ç
10é²æ°ã2é²æ°ã«å€æããããšã§ããã©ã°ã管çãããããªããŸããåããããç¹å®ã®ç¶æ ïŒãªã³/ãªãïŒã«å¯Ÿå¿ãããããšãå¯èœã§ãã
ãããã¯ãŒã¯ããã°ã©ãã³ã°
IPã¢ãã¬ã¹ããã¹ã¯ã®èšç®ã§ã¯ã2é²æ°å€æãé »ç¹ã«äœ¿çšãããŸãã
泚æç¹
- ããŒã¿åã®å¶é:
int
åã¯éåžž32ãããã®ããŒã¿ãæ±ããŸãããã倧ããªæ°å€ãæ±ãå Žåã¯ãlong
åãä»ã®ããŒã¿åãæ€èšããŠãã ããã - è² ã®æ°ã®æ±ã: 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ãæ±ãéã¯ã2ã®è£æ°è¡šçŸã«æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ãã
5. 2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããããšã¯ãããã°ã©ã ãã¢ã«ãŽãªãºã ãèšèšããäžã§éèŠãªã¹ãã«ã§ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ã2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³ã«ã€ããŠãæåã§ã®èšç®æ¹æ³ãšCèšèªã§ã®å®è£ äŸã解説ããŸãã
æåã§2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³
2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããåºæ¬çãªæ¹æ³ã¯ãåãããã®å€ã«ãã®æ¡ã«å¯Ÿå¿ãã2ã®çŽ¯ä¹ãæãããããåèšããããšã§ãã
å€ææé :
- æãå³ã®ãããïŒæäžäœãããïŒããé ã«åŠçãéå§ããŸãã
- ããããã®ãããã«ã2ã®çŽ¯ä¹ãæããŸãã
- å šãŠã®ãããã®å€ãåèšããŸãã
äŸ: 2é²æ°ã1101ãã10é²æ°ã«å€æ
- æå³ãããïŒ1ïŒ: ( 1 imes 2^0 = 1 )
- 2çªç®ã®ãããïŒ0ïŒ: ( 0 imes 2^1 = 0 )
- 3çªç®ã®ãããïŒ1ïŒ: ( 1 imes 2^2 = 4 )
- æå·ŠãããïŒ1ïŒ: ( 1 imes 2^3 = 8 )
çµæ: ( 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 13 )
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããããã°ã©ã
以äžã®ããã°ã©ã ã¯ã2é²æ°ïŒæåå圢åŒïŒã10é²æ°ã«å€æããæ¹æ³ã瀺ããŠããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <math.h>
int binaryToDecimal(const char *binary) {
int decimal = 0;
int length = strlen(binary);
// 2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æ
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (binary[i] == '1') {
decimal += pow(2, length - 1 - i);
}
}
return decimal;
}
int main() {
char binary[33]; // æ倧32ãããã®2é²æ°ãæ ŒçŽå¯èœ
printf("2é²æ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%s", binary);
int decimal = binaryToDecimal(binary);
printf("10é²æ°: %d\n", decimal);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 1101
åºå: 10é²æ°: 13
ãããæäœã䜿ã£ãå¹ççãªå€ææ¹æ³
ãããæŒç®ã䜿çšããŠãããå¹ççã«2é²æ°ã10é²æ°ã«å€æããããšãå¯èœã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã2é²æ°ãæŽæ°åãšããŠæ ŒçŽãããŠããå Žåã«æå¹ã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
int binaryToDecimalUsingBitwise(int binary) {
int decimal = 0;
int base = 1; // 2^0ããã¹ã¿ãŒã
while (binary > 0) {
int lastBit = binary % 10; // æäžäœããããååŸ
decimal += lastBit * base;
base *= 2; // åºæ°ã2åã«
binary /= 10; // 次ã®ãããã«ç§»å
}
return decimal;
}
int main() {
int binary;
printf("2é²æ°ïŒæŽæ°åœ¢åŒïŒãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &binary);
int decimal = binaryToDecimalUsingBitwise(binary);
printf("10é²æ°: %d\n", decimal);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 1101
åºå: 10é²æ°: 13
泚æç¹
- å ¥å圢åŒã«æ³šæ
- å ¥åããã2é²æ°ãæåå圢åŒãæŽæ°åœ¢åŒãã§ãå®è£ æ¹æ³ãç°ãªããŸãã
- æåå圢åŒã®å Žåãæååã1æåãã€åŠçããŸãã
- æŽæ°åœ¢åŒã®å Žåã
%
æŒç®åã§æäžäœããããååŸããŸãã
- ãªãŒããŒãããŒ
- å
¥åãé·ã2é²æ°ã®å Žåãçµæã
int
åã®ç¯å²ãè¶ ããããšããããŸãããã®å Žåã¯long
åãlong long
åã䜿çšããŠãã ããã
- è² ã®æ°ã®æ±ã
- 笊å·ä»ã2é²æ°ïŒ2ã®è£æ°åœ¢åŒïŒãæ±ãå Žåã¯ç¹å¥ãªå€ææ¹æ³ãå¿ èŠã§ãã
6. Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ã衚瀺ããæ¹æ³
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ã衚瀺ããããšã¯ããããã°ãããŒã¿ã®èŠèŠåã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸããããããCèšèªã®æšæºã©ã€ãã©ãªã§ã¯çŽæ¥çã«2é²æ°ãåºåããæ©èœããªãããã工倫ãå¿ èŠã§ããæ¬ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ãåºæ¬çãªprintfé¢æ°ã®äœ¿ãæ¹ãããèªäœé¢æ°ã«ããå¹ççãªè¡šç€ºæ¹æ³ãŸã§ã解説ããŸãã
printfé¢æ°ãçšãã2é²æ°ã®è¡šç€º
æ¹æ³1: ãããã·ããã䜿ã£ãŠ1ããããã€åºå
ãããã·ããã掻çšããããšã§ã2é²æ°ãçŽæ¥è¡šç€ºããæ¹æ³ã§ãã以äžã®äŸã§ã¯ãæŽæ°ã1ããããã€åãåºããŠè¡šç€ºããŠããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
void printBinary(int num) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) { // 32ãããæŽæ°ãæ³å®
printf("%d", (num >> i) & 1); // æäžäœãããããé ã«è¡šç€º
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int value;
printf("æŽæ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
printf("2é²æ°: ");
printBinary(value);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 00000000000000000000000000001101
ãã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ãåºå®ãããå¹ ïŒäŸ: 32ãããïŒãåæãšããŠãããããåžžã«å šãããã衚瀺ããŸãã
èªäœé¢æ°ã«ããæè»ãª2é²æ°è¡šç€º
æ¹æ³2: å¿ èŠãªãããæ°ã®ã¿ã衚瀺
å šããããåºåãã代ããã«ãå®éã«äœ¿çšãããŠãããããæ°ã ãã衚瀺ããæ¹æ³ã§ãã以äžã®äŸã§ã¯ãäœåãª0ãçãã2é²æ°ã®åºåãå¯èœã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
void printBinaryCompact(int num) {
int leading = 1; // å
é ã®0ãã¹ãããããããã®ãã©ã°
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
int bit = (num >> i) & 1;
if (bit == 1) leading = 0; // å
é ã®1ãèŠã€ãã£ãããã©ã°ããªã
if (!leading || i == 0) printf("%d", bit); // æäžäœãããã衚瀺
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int value;
printf("æŽæ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
printf("2é²æ°: ");
printBinaryCompact(value);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 1101
æåå圢åŒã§ã®2é²æ°åºå
æ¹æ³3: æååã«å€æããŠæ±ã
2é²æ°ãæååãšããŠçæãããããåºåããæ¹æ³ã§ãããã®æ¹æ³ã¯ã2é²æ°ã®å€ãä»ã®é¢æ°ã«æž¡ããããæ¯èŒãæäœã«äœ¿çšãããå Žåã«äŸ¿å©ã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
void getBinaryString(int num, char *binary) {
int index = 0;
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
binary[index++] = ((num >> i) & 1) + '0'; // ããããæåã«å€æ
}
binary[index] = '\0'; // æååçµç«¯
}
int main() {
int value;
char binary[33]; // 32ããã + çµç«¯æå
printf("æŽæ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
getBinaryString(value, binary);
printf("2é²æ°: %s\n", binary);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 00000000000000000000000000001101
å¿çš: ãã©ãŒãããä»ãã®2é²æ°è¡šç€º
å Žåã«ãã£ãŠã¯ã2é²æ°ãã°ã«ãŒãåããŠè¡šç€ºããããšã§ãèªã¿ããããåäžãããããšãã§ããŸãã以äžã¯ã4ãããããšã«åºåã£ãŠåºåããäŸã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
void printBinaryWithGroups(int num) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", (num >> i) & 1);
if (i % 4 == 0 && i != 0) printf(" "); // 4ãããããšã«ã¹ããŒã¹ãæ¿å
¥
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int value;
printf("æŽæ°ãå
¥åããŠãã ãã: ");
scanf("%d", &value);
printf("2é²æ°: ");
printBinaryWithGroups(value);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
å
¥å: 13
åºå: 2é²æ°: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1101
泚æç¹
- è² ã®æ°ã®æ±ã
- 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ãæ±ãå Žåã2ã®è£æ°è¡šçŸã§åºåãããŸãã笊å·ããããèæ ®ããå€æãå¿ èŠã§ãã
- ããŒã¿åã®ãããå¹
- ããŒã¿åïŒ
int
,long
,unsigned int
ãªã©ïŒã®ãããå¹ ãæ確ã«ææ¡ããŠããå¿ èŠããããŸãã
- å¯èªæ§
- å¿ èŠã«å¿ããŠã¹ããŒã¹ãæ¹è¡ãå ¥ããããšã§ãåºåçµæã®å¯èªæ§ãåäžãããŸãããã
7. ãããæŒç®ãåºç€ããå¿çšãŸã§åŠã¶
Cèšèªã§ã¯ããããæŒç®ãå©çšããããšã§ãå¹ççã«ããŒã¿ãæäœããããšãå¯èœã§ãããããæŒç®ã¯ãäœã¬ãã«ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãããã©ãŒãã³ã¹ãéèŠãªå Žé¢ã§ç¹ã«æçšã§ãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããããæŒç®ã®åºæ¬ããå¿çšäŸãŸã§ã詳ãã解説ããŸãã
ãããæŒç®ã®åºæ¬
ãããæŒç®ã¯ãæŽæ°ã®åãããã«å¯ŸããŠçŽæ¥æäœãè¡ãæŒç®ã§ãã以äžã¯ãCèšèªã§äœ¿çšãããäž»ãªãããæŒç®åãšãã®åœ¹å²ã§ãã
äž»ãªãããæŒç®åãšåäœ
æŒç®å | åå | åäœäŸïŒA = 5, B = 3ïŒ | çµæ |
---|---|---|---|
& | AND | A & B (0101 & 0011) | 0001 |
| | OR | A | B (0101 |
^ | XOR | A ^ B (0101 ^ 0011) | 0110 |
~ | NOTïŒè£æ°ïŒ | ~A (~0101) | 1010 |
<< | å·Šã·ãã | A << 1 (0101 << 1) | 1010 |
>> | å³ã·ãã | A >> 1 (0101 >> 1) | 0010 |
åæŒç®ã®å ·äœäŸ
ANDïŒ&
ïŒ: ãããã®äžèŽã確èª
äž¡æ¹ã®ãããã1ã®å Žåã«1ãè¿ããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int a = 5; // 0101
int b = 3; // 0011
printf("A & B = %d\n", a & b); // çµæ: 1 (0001)
return 0;
}
ORïŒ|
ïŒ: ãããã®ããããã1ãªã1
ããããã®ãããã1ã®å Žåã«1ãè¿ããŸãã
printf("A | B = %d\n", a | b); // çµæ: 7 (0111)
XORïŒ^
ïŒ: ç°ãªããããã«1
ããããç°ãªãå Žåã«1ãè¿ããŸãã
printf("A ^ B = %d\n", a ^ b); // çµæ: 6 (0110)
NOTïŒ~
ïŒ: ãããã®å転
ãã¹ãŠã®ããããå転ããŸãã
printf("~A = %d\n", ~a); // çµæ: -6 (笊å·ä»ãã§å転)
å·Šã·ããïŒ<<
ïŒ: ããããå·Šã«ç§»å
å€ã2åã«ããŸãã
printf("A << 1 = %d\n", a << 1); // çµæ: 10 (1010)
å³ã·ããïŒ>>
ïŒ: ããããå³ã«ç§»å
å€ã2ã§å²ããŸãïŒåãæšãŠïŒã
printf("A >> 1 = %d\n", a >> 1); // çµæ: 2 (0010)
ãããæŒç®ã®å¿çš
ãããæŒç®ã¯ãå¹ççãªããŒã¿ç®¡çãå¶åŸ¡ãã©ã°ã®èšå®ã«åºã䜿ãããŠããŸãã以äžã«ãå ·äœçãªå¿çšäŸã玹ä»ããŸãã
1. ããããã¹ã¯ã䜿ã£ããã©ã°ç®¡ç
ããããã¹ã¯ã䜿çšãããšãè€æ°ã®ç¶æ
ã1ã€ã®å€æ°ã§ç®¡çã§ããŸãã
äŸ: 4ã€ã®ãã©ã°ã1ã€ã®int
å€æ°ã§ç®¡çã
#include <stdio.h>
#define FLAG_A 0x01 // 0001
#define FLAG_B 0x02 // 0010
#define FLAG_C 0x04 // 0100
#define FLAG_D 0x08 // 1000
int main() {
int flags = 0;
// ãã©ã°ãèšå®
flags |= FLAG_A; // FLAG_Aãæå¹ã«
flags |= FLAG_C; // FLAG_Cãæå¹ã«
printf("Flags: %d\n", flags); // çµæ: 5 (0101)
// ãã©ã°ããã§ãã¯
if (flags & FLAG_A) printf("FLAG_A is ON\n");
if (flags & FLAG_B) printf("FLAG_B is ON\n");
// ãã©ã°ãç¡å¹å
flags &= ~FLAG_A; // FLAG_Aãç¡å¹ã«
printf("Flags: %d\n", flags); // çµæ: 4 (0100)
return 0;
}
2. ç¹å®ã®ããããå転ãã
ç¹å®ã®ãããããã°ã«ïŒON/OFFåãæ¿ãïŒããå ŽåãXORæŒç®ã䜿çšããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int value = 5; // 0101
int toggleBit = 1; // 0001
value ^= toggleBit; // çµæ: 0100 (ããã1ãå転)
printf("Value after toggle: %d\n", value);
return 0;
}
3. ããŒã¿ã®å§çž®ãšåŸ©å
ãããã·ããã䜿ãããšã§ãè€æ°ã®å€ã1ã€ã®å€æ°ã«å§çž®ã§ããŸãã
äŸ: 4ããããã€ç°ãªãå€ãæ ŒçŽã
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
int compressed = 0;
// ããŒã¿ãå§çž®
compressed |= (3 << 4); // äžäœ4ãããã«3ãæ ŒçŽ
compressed |= 5; // äžäœ4ãããã«5ãæ ŒçŽ
printf("Compressed: %d\n", compressed);
// ããŒã¿ã埩å
int upper = (compressed >> 4) & 0xF; // äžäœ4ããããååŸ
int lower = compressed & 0xF; // äžäœ4ããããååŸ
printf("Upper: %d, Lower: %d\n", upper, lower);
return 0;
}
泚æç¹
- 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°
- 笊å·ä»ãã®æŒç®ã§ã¯ãè² ã®å€ã2ã®è£æ°ã§è¡šçŸããããããæŒç®çµæã«æ³šæãå¿ èŠã§ãã
- å¯èªæ§
- ãããæŒç®ã¯ã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§ãäœäžãããå ŽåããããŸããã³ã¡ã³ããå®æ°ãã¯ãã䜿ããæå³ãæ瀺ããããšãæšå¥šãããŸãã
- ãªãŒããŒãããŒ
- ã·ããæŒç®ãè¡ãéããããå¹ ãè¶ ããã·ããã¯æªå®çŸ©åäœãšãªããã泚æããŠãã ããã
8. å®è·µ: 2é²æ°ã®æŽ»çšäŸ
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ããããæŒç®ãå®è·µçã«æŽ»çšããæ¹æ³ã玹ä»ããŸãããããã¯ãå¹ççãªããŒã¿ç®¡çãäœã¬ãã«ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã«ãããŠéèŠãªæè¡ã§ããããã§ã¯ãå ·äœçãªã·ããªãªã«åºã¥ãå¿çšäŸã解説ããŸãã
1. ãã€ããªã«ãŠã³ã¿ã®å®è£
ãã€ããªã«ãŠã³ã¿ã¯ãæ°å€ã2é²æ°ãšããŠæ±ãããããæäœã䜿ã£ãŠã€ã³ã¯ãªã¡ã³ãããŸããããã¯ãå¹ççãªã«ãŒãåŠçãç¶æ 管çã«åœ¹ç«ã¡ãŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
void binaryCounter(int limit) {
for (int i = 0; i <= limit; i++) {
printf("Decimal: %d, Binary: ", i);
for (int j = 31; j >= 0; j--) {
printf("%d", (i >> j) & 1);
}
printf("\n");
}
}
int main() {
int count = 10;
printf("0ãã%dãŸã§ã®ãã€ããªã«ãŠã³ã:\n", count);
binaryCounter(count);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
Decimal: 0, Binary: 00000000000000000000000000000000
Decimal: 1, Binary: 00000000000000000000000000000001
...
Decimal: 10, Binary: 00000000000000000000000000001010
2. ããããã£ãŒã«ããçšããã¡ã¢ãªã®å¹çç管ç
ããããã£ãŒã«ããå©çšãããšãæ§é äœå ã§ã¡ã¢ãªãç¯çŽãã€ã€è€æ°ã®ç¶æ ã管çã§ããŸãã
#include <stdio.h>
// ããããã£ãŒã«ãã䜿çšããæ§é äœ
struct Flags {
unsigned int flagA : 1; // 1ããã
unsigned int flagB : 1; // 1ããã
unsigned int flagC : 1; // 1ããã
unsigned int reserved : 5; // äºçŽ (æ®ã5ããã)
};
int main() {
struct Flags flags = {0}; // åæå
// ãã©ã°ã®èšå®
flags.flagA = 1;
flags.flagB = 0;
flags.flagC = 1;
// åãã©ã°ã®ç¶æ
ã衚瀺
printf("FlagA: %d, FlagB: %d, FlagC: %d\n", flags.flagA, flags.flagB, flags.flagC);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
FlagA: 1, FlagB: 0, FlagC: 1
ãã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯ã1ãã€ãã®ã¡ã¢ãªã䜿ã£ãŠè€æ°ã®ç¶æ ãå¹ççã«æ ŒçŽã§ããŸãã
3. ç¹å®ã®ãããã®ãã§ãã¯
ç¹å®ã®ããããã»ãããããŠãããã確èªããæäœã¯ããã©ã°ç®¡çããšã©ãŒãã§ãã¯ã§éèŠã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
int isBitSet(int value, int position) {
return (value & (1 << position)) != 0;
}
int main() {
int value = 42; // 2é²æ°: 101010
int position = 3;
if (isBitSet(value, position)) {
printf("Bit %d is set in %d\n", position, value);
} else {
printf("Bit %d is not set in %d\n", position, value);
}
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
Bit 3 is set in 42
4. IPã¢ãã¬ã¹ã®ãµãããããã¹ã¯èšç®
ãããã¯ãŒã¯ããã°ã©ãã³ã°ã§ã¯ãIPã¢ãã¬ã¹ãšãµãããããã¹ã¯ã®èšç®ã«2é²æ°ã䜿çšããŸãã以äžã¯ããµãããããã¹ã¯ãçæããäŸã§ãã
#include <stdio.h>
unsigned int generateSubnetMask(int prefix) {
return (0xFFFFFFFF << (32 - prefix));
}
void printBinary(unsigned int value) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", (value >> i) & 1);
if (i % 8 == 0 && i != 0) printf(" "); // 8ãããããšã«ã¹ããŒã¹
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
int prefix = 24; // ãµãããããã¬ãã£ãã¯ã¹ïŒäŸ: 24ïŒ
unsigned int mask = generateSubnetMask(prefix);
printf("ãµãããããã¹ã¯ (Prefix %d):\n", prefix);
printBinary(mask);
return 0;
}
å®è¡çµæäŸ:
ãµãããããã¹ã¯ (Prefix 24):
11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000
泚æç¹
- ã¡ã¢ãªå¶çŽ
- ãããæäœãå€çšããå ŽåãããŒã¿åã®ãµã€ãºãè¶ ããªãããã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
- ã³ãŒãã®å¯èªæ§
- ãããæäœã¯çŽæçã§ãªãå Žåããããããã³ã¡ã³ããé¢æ°åã§æ確ã«æå³ã瀺ãããšãéèŠã§ãã
- 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°
- 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ãæ±ãå Žåã笊å·ãããã«æ³šæããæªå®çŸ©åäœãé²ãå¿ èŠããããŸãã
9. FAQ: Cèšèªã®2é²æ°ã«ã€ããŠãããã質å
Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãæ±ãéã«ã¯ãåå¿è ããäžçŽè ãŸã§å€ãã®çåãçããããšããããŸãããã®ã»ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã§ã¯ããããã質åãåãäžããå ·äœçãªåçã解決æ¹æ³ãæäŸããŸãã
Q1: Cèšèªã§2é²æ°ãªãã©ã«ãçŽæ¥èšè¿°ããæ¹æ³ã¯ãããŸããïŒ
åç:
Cèšèªã®æšæºä»æ§ã§ã¯ã2é²æ°ãªãã©ã«ã®çŽæ¥èšè¿°ã¯ãµããŒããããŠããŸããããã ããããã€ãã®æ¹æ³ã§2é²æ°ãè¡šçŸã§ããŸãã
解決æ¹æ³:
- 16é²æ°ãå©çš
2é²æ°ãš16é²æ°ã¯å¯æ¥ã«é¢é£ããŠããã1ã€ã®16é²æ°ã®æ¡ã4ãããïŒ2é²æ°4æ¡ïŒã«å¯Ÿå¿ããŸããããšãã°ã0b1010
ïŒ2é²æ°ïŒã¯0xA
ïŒ16é²æ°ïŒãšããŠè¡šçŸã§ããŸãã - ãããã·ããæŒç®ã䜿çš
ãããã·ããã䜿ã£ãŠ2é²æ°ãæ§ç¯ã§ããŸãã
int value = (1 << 3) | (1 << 1); // 2é²æ°ã§1010
- ãã¯ãããã«ããŒé¢æ°ãå©çš
2é²æ°ãæ確ã«ãããå Žåããã¯ããé¢æ°ãäœæããã®ã1ã€ã®æ¹æ³ã§ãã
Q2: 2é²æ°ãæ±ãéã«æ³šæãã¹ãããšã¯äœã§ããïŒ
åç:
以äžã®ç¹ã«æ³šæããŠãã ããã
- ããŒã¿åã®ç¯å²
åããŒã¿åïŒint
,long
,unsigned int
ãªã©ïŒã«ã¯ç¯å²ããããããè¶ ããªãããã«æ³šæããå¿ èŠããããŸããäŸ:
int
: éåžž32ãããã§ãç¯å²ã¯-2,147,483,648ïœ2,147,483,647ã
- 笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ãšç¬Šå·ãªãæŽæ°
笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ã§ã¯ãè² ã®å€ã2ã®è£æ°ã§è¡šçŸãããŸãã笊å·ãªãæŽæ°ã䜿çšããå Žåãè² ã®å€ããªããªã代ããã«äžéãé«ããªããŸãã - ã·ããæŒç®ã®ç¯å²
ã·ããæŒç®ãããŒã¿åã®ãããå¹ ãè¶ ããŠè¡ããšãæªå®çŸ©åäœã«ãªãå¯èœæ§ããããŸãã
Q3: ç¹å®ã®ãããã ããå€æŽããæ¹æ³ã¯ïŒ
åç:
ãããæäœãå©çšããã°ãç¹å®ã®ããããèšå®ãã¯ãªã¢ããã°ã«ããããšãã§ããŸãã
解決æ¹æ³:
- ããããèšå®ããïŒ1ã«ããïŒ
value |= (1 << n); // nçªç®ã®ãããã1ã«èšå®
- ããããã¯ãªã¢ããïŒ0ã«ããïŒ
value &= ~(1 << n); // nçªç®ã®ãããã0ã«èšå®
- ãããããã°ã«ããïŒå転ããïŒ
value ^= (1 << n); // nçªç®ã®ããããå転
Q4: ãªãè² ã®æ°ããããã§æäœãããšçµæãå€ããã®ã§ããïŒ
åç:
Cèšèªã§ã¯ãè² ã®æŽæ°ã¯2ã®è£æ°è¡šçŸã䜿çšããŠããŸããããã«ãããè² ã®å€ã笊å·ããããå«ã圢ã§è¡šçŸãããŸãã
解決æ¹æ³:
- è² ã®æ°ãæ±ãå Žåã¯ã笊å·ãªãæŽæ°ã«å€æããŠæäœããã
unsigned int uValue = (unsigned int)value;
- ãããæŒç®åŸãå床笊å·ä»ãæŽæ°ã«æ»ãå¿ èŠãããå ŽåããããŸãã
Q5: 2é²æ°ãš10é²æ°ãçžäºå€æããé¢æ°ãç°¡åã«äœããŸããïŒ
åç:
以äžã®ãããªé¢æ°ãå©çšããã°ãç°¡åã«çžäºå€æãå¯èœã§ãã
äŸ: 10é²æ°ãã2é²æ°ãžå€æ
void decimalToBinary(int num) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", (num >> i) & 1);
}
printf("\n");
}
äŸ: 2é²æ°ïŒæååïŒãã10é²æ°ãžå€æ
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
int binaryToDecimal(const char *binary) {
int decimal = 0;
int length = strlen(binary);
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
if (binary[i] == '1') {
decimal += pow(2, length - 1 - i);
}
}
return decimal;
}
Q6: ããããã£ãŒã«ãã䜿ãå©ç¹ã¯äœã§ããïŒ
åç:
ããããã£ãŒã«ãã䜿çšãããšã以äžã®å©ç¹ããããŸãã
- ã¡ã¢ãªå¹çã®åäž
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䜿çšäŸ:
struct Flags {
unsigned int flagA : 1;
unsigned int flagB : 1;
unsigned int reserved : 6;
};
Q7: ãããæŒç®ã䜿ããšãã«åœ¹ç«ã€ãããã°æ¹æ³ã¯ïŒ
åç:
- 2é²æ°ãåºåããŠç¢ºèª
ãããã°æã«å€æ°ã®ãããç¶æ ãçŽæ¥ç¢ºèªããããšã§ãåé¡ãç¹å®ãããããªããŸãã
void printBinary(int value) {
for (int i = 31; i >= 0; i--) {
printf("%d", (value >> i) & 1);
}
printf("\n");
}
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